Odisha’s coastline has once again demonstrated its ecological significance, with a recent dolphin census recording 765 dolphins representing six different species along the state’s coastal waters. The findings underline the rich marine biodiversity of the region and highlight the importance of continued conservation efforts in eastern India.

The survey, conducted across multiple coastal and estuarine zones, covered key marine habitats including river mouths, coastal waters, and protected ecosystems. Among the species recorded were the Irrawaddy dolphin, commonly sighted in Chilika Lake, as well as bottlenose dolphins and humpback dolphins that inhabit nearshore waters. Chilika Lake, Asia’s largest brackish water lagoon, continues to serve as a crucial habitat for Irrawaddy dolphins and has long been a focal point for eco-tourism and conservation initiatives.

Wildlife officials and marine experts conducted the census using boat-based surveys and systematic observation techniques. Teams scanned designated transects along the Odisha coast to count dolphin pods, identify species, and assess their distribution patterns. The census not only helps in estimating population numbers but also provides valuable insights into habitat preferences, breeding areas, and migratory behavior.

Odisha’s marine ecosystem includes vital nesting grounds and biodiversity hotspots such as the Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary, known primarily for Olive Ridley turtles but also significant for marine mammals. The presence of diverse dolphin species further strengthens the ecological value of these protected zones.

Conservationists have welcomed the census findings, noting that stable or increasing dolphin numbers are a positive indicator of marine ecosystem health. Dolphins are considered apex or near-apex predators, and their population trends often reflect the overall condition of the marine environment. Clean water, abundant fish stocks, and reduced human disturbance are key factors influencing their survival.

However, experts caution that challenges remain. Coastal development, fishing activities, accidental entanglement in nets, boat traffic, and pollution pose ongoing threats to marine life. Sustainable fishing practices, stricter regulation of marine activities, and community awareness programs are considered essential for maintaining dolphin populations in the long term.

The Odisha government and environmental agencies have been actively promoting conservation-driven tourism, particularly in areas like Chilika Lake. Responsible tourism initiatives aim to balance economic benefits for local communities with wildlife protection. Boat operators are often trained to maintain safe distances from dolphin pods to minimize stress and disturbance.

The latest dolphin census not only reaffirms Odisha’s position as a significant marine biodiversity hub but also reinforces the importance of data-driven conservation planning. Continued monitoring, habitat protection, and community participation will be crucial in ensuring that these charismatic marine mammals thrive along the Odisha coast for generations to come.